Solar panel | Solar array act as devices that change sunlight into electricity using PV cells. They serve as an green and alternative energy source, minimizing reliance on carbon-based fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar energy collector is a apparatus that collects sunlight to convert heat, generally used for hot water production or space heating applications. It effectively converts solar energy into thermal energy, cutting down on reliance on conventional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses sunlight to generate thermal energy, which can be used for hot water production, indoor heating, or electricity production. It is a green and eco-friendly technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers GHG emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a picturesque seaside town in the county of West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a enchanting blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic and historic-influenced country in the United Kingdom known for its wealthy cultural traditions, iconic landmarks, and lively cities like the capital. It boasts a varied landscape of rolling hills, old castles, and busy metropolitan areas that mix heritage with modern developments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Sunlight is the organic radiance emitted by the star, crucial for living organisms on Earth as it provides fuel for photosynthesis and shapes climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by controlling our circadian rhythms and enhancing vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electromagnetic energy is a form of power generated by the flow of electrically charged entities, primarily electrons. It drives innumerable devices and infrastructures, enabling today’s lifestyle and technological progress. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Photovoltaic technology converts sunlight directly into power using solar panels composed of semiconductor materials. It is a sustainable energy source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate environmental impact. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge that circulate around the nucleus of an atom, playing a key role in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions determine the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the one-way flow of electric charge, generally produced by cell packs, power sources, and photovoltaic cells. It provides a steady voltage or current, making it essential for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A cell is a instrument that stores chemical energy and transforms it into electrical energy to run various digital equipment. It includes one or more galvanic units, each containing positive and negative electrodes divided by an electrolytic substance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An photovoltaic system converts solar radiation directly into power using solar panels made of semiconductor cells. It is an environmentally friendly energy option that minimizes reliance on non-renewable energy sources and supports renewable energy production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar power converter is a device that changes DC generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for domestic use and grid integration. It plays a crucial role in enhancing energy performance and ensuring secure, reliable energy output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that changes polarity cyclically, typically used in home and commercial power supplies. It enables optimal transmission of electricity over extended spans and is characterized by its voltage and current waveforms, commonly sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A power management device is a device that manages the voltage level and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from excess charging and harm. It guarantees efficient energy transfer and extends the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a instrument used to ascertain the dimension, quantity, or level of something accurately. It includes gadgets like meters, thermometers, and barometers that provide exact readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a device that automatically its orientation of solar panels to follow the sun's movement during the day, increasing energy absorption. This technology enhances the efficiency of solar power systems by ensuring maximum sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Photovoltaic installations are massive installations that harness sunlight to produce electricity using many solar panels. They provide a green and eco-friendly energy source, reducing reliance on carbon-based fuels and reducing pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Rooftop solar power involves installing photovoltaic solar panels on building roofs to produce electricity from sunlight. This renewable energy source helps cut down on reliance on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | A grid-tied photovoltaic system changes sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a sustainable energy solution. It enhances energy efficiency and cuts down reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, CH4, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like burning fossil fuels and deforestation. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar power satellite is an artificial satellite equipped with photovoltaic panels that absorb sunlight and convert it into electricity. This power is then sent wirelessly to the planet's surface for utilization as a sustainable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Residential energy storage solutions store excess energy generated from green sources or the power grid for subsequent consumption, improving energy independence and effectiveness. These systems typically utilize batteries to deliver backup energy, cut down energy expenses, and aid grid reliability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The chronology of solar cells chronicles the advancement and advancements in solar energy tech from the initial finding of the photovoltaic effect to modern high-performance photovoltaic modules. It showcases significant innovations, including the creation of the initial silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and continuous innovations that have substantially enhanced energy transformation and cost efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Edmond Becquerel was a French scientist famous for his pioneering work in the study of the photoelectric effect and luminescence. His experiments laid the foundation for grasping how illumination interacts with certain substances to produce electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a UK electrical engineer and scientist known for finding out the photo-conductive property of Se in 1873. His research laid the foundation for the creation of the photoconductive cell and advancements in early photographic and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | Selenium is an open-source framework used for automating web browsers, enabling testers to mimic user interactions and verify web application functionalities. It supports multiple programming languages and browsers, making it a flexible tool for test automation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a UK physicist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of luminescence and optics, particularly the discovery of the polarization effect of light reflected from clear materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic wave behavior and the development of optics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was an United States inventor who invented the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His innovative work laid the groundwork for the current photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | A coal-burning power plant generates electricity by combusting coal to produce vapor that drives turbines connected to generators. This process releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an United States scientist credited with discovering the solar cell and improving the understanding of semiconductors. His work laid the foundation for modern photovoltaic technology and the development of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Labs is a famous innovative organization historically associated with AT&T, known for groundbreaking innovations in communications, computer science, and materials science. It has been the birthplace of many groundbreaking inventions, including the semiconductor device and the laser technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and 14, famous for its crucial role in the fabrication of electronic devices and solar modules. It is a tough, breakable crystal solid with a bluish-gray shine, primarily used as a electronic component in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A micro-inverter is a small component installed on each photovoltaic panel to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) at the location. This technology increases system performance, allows for enhanced performance oversight, and increases energy production in photovoltaic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a device that transforms sunlight directly into electricity through the solar energy process. It is often used in solar panels to supply a renewable and renewable energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | A PV (photovoltaic) system converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a renewable energy technology that offers sustainable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon is a basic particle representing a quantum of light plus other electromagnetic radiation, transporting energy and momentum without possessing rest mass. It plays a crucial role in the interactions between matter and electromagnetic fields, facilitating phenomena like reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The solar photoelectric effect is the mechanism by which certain materials turn sunlight immediately into electricity through the generation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the basic principle behind photovoltaic technology, facilitating the capturing of solar solar power for energy creation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | A wafer in electrical engineering is a slim slice of chip material, usually silicon, used as the foundation for creating integrated circuits. It serves as the primary platform where integrated circuits are built through processes like doping, etching, and lamination. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used predominantly in the manufacturing of solar cells and electronic systems due to its excellent semiconductor properties. Its regular, systematic crystal lattice enables optimal electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Flexible solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology characterized by their lightweight, flexible design, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use layers of semiconductor materials only a few micrometers thick to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the permanent forces exerted by the mass of structural elements and permanent equipment, while live loads are movable forces such as people, fixtures, and environmental factors. Both are critical considerations in building planning to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits connect components in a line, so the identical current flows through all devices, while parallel circuits link components across the same voltage source, permitting multiple paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's overall resistance, current spread, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrification is the speed at which electrical energy is conveyed by an electrical network, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Created through diverse origins such as fossil fuels, atomic energy, and sustainable sources, and is essential for contemporary living. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A unit of power is a standard of energy conversion in the metric system, indicating the measure of energy flow or conversion. It is the same as one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electronic voltage difference between two points, which pushes the stream of electric current in a circuit. It is measured in volts (V) and indicates the power per single charge ready to move electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the standard unit of electric potential, voltage difference, and EMF in the SI system. It measures the potential energy per unit charge between two points in an electrical circuit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electrical current is the movement of electric charge through a metal wire, typically measured in amps. It is necessary for powering electronic gadgets and facilitating the working of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp serves as the standard of electrical flow in the International System of Units, symbolized as A. It quantifies the flow of electrical charge through a conductor over a period of time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load is the term for the level of electrical power or current demanded by equipment and Electrical load in a circuit. It influences the configuration and capacity of power systems to maintain safe and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction enclosure is an electrical enclosure used to securely contain wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures organized and secure connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a uniform photovoltaic connector used to attach solar panels in a reliable and trustworthy manner. It features a clip-in design with waterproof sealing, ensuring durability and effective electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power offers a easy and standardized method of supplying electrical energy to devices through common ports. It is often used for recharging and supplying a wide range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power inverter is a instrument that converts DC from sources like accumulators or solar arrays into AC suitable for home devices. It permits the operation of standard electrical devices in environments where only direct current electricity is available. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | An battery pack functions as an collection of several individual batteries designed to store and supply electrical energy for multiple devices. This provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Solar panel tracking solutions automatically adjust the angle of solar modules to track the sun’s path throughout the daytime, maximizing solar energy capture. This innovation increases the performance of solar energy collection by maintaining best panel orientation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a approach used to enhance the power output of solar energy systems by continuously adjusting the performance point to align with the peak power point of the solar panels. This methodology provides the best performance power harvesting, especially under changing weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | A power optimizer serves as a device used in solar energy systems to boost energy output by individually enhancing the performance of each solar panel. It enhances overall system efficiency by reducing energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar power performance monitor is a tool that observes and evaluates the effectiveness of solar power systems in instantaneous, offering valuable data on energy production and system health. It assists optimize solar power generation by spotting problems early and ensuring optimal efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Lightweight solar cells are lightweight, adaptable photovoltaic devices made by depositing fine layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a affordable and flexible alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in multiple portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Sunlight-to-electricity converters convert solar radiation directly into electricity through the solar energy conversion process, making them a sustainable energy source. They are frequently used in solar arrays to power homes, devices, and entire solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of countless minute silicon crystals, typically used in solar panels and microchip production. Its production involves melting and restructuring silicon to create a ultra-pure, polycrystalline form appropriate for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Single-crystal silicon is a high-purity variant of silicon with a single crystal framework, making it very effective for use in solar panels and electronics. Its homogeneous structure allows for improved charge movement, resulting in superior performance compared to other silicon types. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics represent a kind of thin film solar system that offers a affordable and effective solution for large-scale solar energy production. They are recognized for their excellent absorption performance and comparatively reduced manufacturing fees versus traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | CuInGaSe2 solar cells are flexible photovoltaic devices that use a layered compound of copper, indium, Ga, and Se to transform sunlight into electricity effectively. They are known for their great absorption efficiency, flexibility, and capability for lightweight, economical solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Amorphous form of silicon is a non-ordered atomic structure, making it more adaptable and simpler to apply than crystalline silicon. It is frequently used in photovoltaic thin films and electronic components due to its economic advantage and flexible characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Advanced-generation photovoltaic cells aim to surpass traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and innovative techniques such as stacked stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, lowering costs, and increasing applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-layered solar panels are cutting-edge photovoltaic devices that use several p-n connections stacked together to absorb a wider spectrum of the solar spectrum, greatly increasing their efficiency. They are mostly used in space satellites and high-efficiency solar power installations due to their outstanding energy transformation capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Spacecraft solar panels serve as crucial elements that transform sunlight into electric power to supply onboard instrumentation. Generally lightweight, robust, and crafted to function effectively in the extreme space conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are compounds composed of two or more elements, typically involving a metallic element and a non-metallic element, used in high-speed electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer enhanced performance in applications such as lasers, LEDs, and high-speed transistors compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound semiconductor known for its great electron mobility and efficiency in RF and optoelectronic applications. It is commonly used in devices such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV employ focusing elements or reflectors to direct sunlight onto superior efficiency multi-layer solar cells, greatly enhancing energy transformation efficiency. This technology is suitable for massive solar power plants in areas with sunny sunlight, offering a affordable approach for intensive energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its lightweight and bendable form factor. It offers a affordable alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in solar building materials and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS solar cell utilize a thin film of copper indium gallium selenide as the photovoltaic material, known for high efficiency and adaptability. They offer a portable, cost-effective alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with excellent performance in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film denotes a fine layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in diverse technological fields. These films are essential in electronic devices, light manipulation, and coverings for their distinctive physical and chemical characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Building-mounted solar PV systems harness the sun's rays to generate electricity directly on building rooftops, providing a renewable and affordable energy solution. They help decrease use of fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to environmental conservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a stratum of material ranging from tiny nanometric scales to several micrometers in depth, often applied to surfaces for purposeful functions. These films are used in various industries, including electronics, optics, and medicine, to change surface traits or create specific device functionalities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometric units are measurement equal to one-billionth of a meter, frequently used to illustrate extremely small distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are important in areas such as nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for gauging structures and particles at the nano dimension. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Measuring tools are precision devices used to exactly measure small distances or thicknesses, generally in mechanical engineering and manufacturing. They feature a adjusted screw mechanism that allows for exact readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon slice is a fine, ring-shaped section of silicon crystal used as the substrate for constructing semiconductor devices. It acts as the core material in the production of integrated circuits and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide-based solar panels are flexible photovoltaic devices famous for their high efficiency and flexibility, making them suitable for diverse applications. They employ a stratified layered semiconductor setup that transforms sunlight immediately into power with outstanding effectiveness in low-light settings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Multi-crystalline silicon silicon is a type of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its many crystal grains that give it a grainy appearance. It is noted for being affordable and having a relatively high efficiency in transforming sunlight into power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar PV systems convert sunlight directly into energy using solar panels, supplying a sustainable energy source for household, commercial, and grid applications. They offer a environmentally friendly, long-lasting, and cost-effective way to cut down reliance on fossil fuels and lower CO2 emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a solar energy device that turns sunlight into power using a light-sensitive dye to take in light and create electron flow. It offers a cost-effective and flexible alternative to standard silicon-based solar cells, with potential for transparent and lightweight applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot photovoltaic cells utilize nanoscale semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and conversion efficiency through quantum size effects. This approach offers the potential for cost-effective, adaptable, and highly efficient solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic PV cells are photoelectric devices that employ organic materials, to turn solar radiation into electrical power. They are easy to handle, flexible, and provide cost-effective, extensive solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a promising photovoltaic material used in layer solar cells due to its plentiful and harmless elements. Its favorable optical-electronic properties make it an attractive substitute for green photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate solar energy technology into the design of architectural elements, such as roof surfaces, facades, and windows. This innovative approach enhances energy performance while maintaining design elegance and structural functionality. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material with little distortion, allowing objects behind to be seen clearly. Translucency permits light to diffuse through, making detailed visibility obscured but yet still permitting shapes and light to transmit. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves the process of applying a transparent film to the inside or outside of vehicle or building glazing to block glare, heat, and ultraviolet rays. It enhances privacy, enhances energy efficiency, and provides a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A list of photovoltaic power stations details various extensive solar energy facilities around the world, highlighting their output and locations. These stations serve a important role in sustainable energy generation and global efforts to lower carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are extensive facilities that turn sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. They play a vital role in sustainable power creation, lessening dependence on non-renewable energy sources, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Eco concerns encompass a wide range of issues such as pollution, climate change, and tree clearing that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires joint initiatives to promote sustainable practices and protect biodiverse environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Green energy comes from natural sources that are constantly replenished, such as sunlight, air currents, and water. It offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing environmental harm and enhancing long-term energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as bituminous coal, oil, and natural gas, are limited reserves formed over geological eras and are exhausted when used. They are the chief fuels for electricity generation and transportation but pose environmental and long-term viability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various power sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, and renewable resources into electrical power. This process generally happens in power stations where turbines, alternators, and generators work together to produce electric current for distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are compact, poisonous elements such as plumbum, quicksilver, Cd, and arsenide that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar panel effectiveness measures how effectively a photovoltaic device transforms sunlight into usable power. Enhancing this efficiency is crucial for maximizing renewable energy output and cutting reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when light shining on a metal surface ejects electronic particles from that surface, demonstrating the particle properties of light. This occurrence provided significant indication for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that light energy is discrete. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Accelerated life testing involves exposing products to elevated stresses to rapidly assess their durability and predict their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps detect potential failures and enhance product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The growth of solar panels has sped up rapidly over the past ten-year period, driven by technological advancements and decreasing costs. This development is changing the global energy landscape by raising the share of renewable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar refers to large solar power facilities built to generate electricity on a industrial scale, providing power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover vast areas and utilize PV modules or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy cost-effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A lens is a transparent device that bends light to bring together or spread out rays, producing images. It is often used in instruments like camera units, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for enhanced vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The incidence angle is the measure between an approaching light ray and the normal line orthogonal to the surface at the contact point. It determines how light interacts with the surface, influencing reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a coating applied to lens surfaces to reduce glare and increase light flow. It enhances the clarity and illumination of lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Canceling interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that that their wave heights negate each other, leading to a reduction or total eradication of the resultant waveform. This event typically happens when the waveforms are phase-shifted by 180 degrees. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC refers to a type of electrical flow that alternates direction, commonly employed in electrical distribution networks. The voltage fluctuates sinusoidally throughout its cycle, allowing cost-effective transfer across extensive ranges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A compact inverter is a tiny device used to transform DC from a single solar module into AC suitable for home applications. It improves system efficiency by optimizing energy production at the module level and eases installation and upkeep. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC power, or alternating current power, is electrical energy delivered through a system where the voltage level and electric flow periodically reverse direction, enabling optimized transmission over long distances. It is generally used in households and commercial sectors to operate different appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC connector is a type of electrical connector used to supply DC energy from a power source to an electronic equipment. It typically consists of a cylindrical plug and receptacle that ensure a secure and dependable connection for different electronic purposes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a international protection certification body that evaluates and approves products to confirm they meet certain security standards. It supports consumers and firms identify trustworthy and safe products through strict assessment and examination processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series-connected circuits are electronic circuits in which elements are connected end-to-end, forming a one path for current. In this arrangement, the identical current passes through all elements, and the sum voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel circuits are electrical circuits where parts are connected across the same voltage source, providing multiple routes for current flow. This setup allows devices to operate autonomously, with the total current distributed among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode serves as a electronic device that allows current to move in a single sense only, serving as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electronic networks. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An automobile auxiliary power outlet is a socket, typically 12-volt, created to supply electrical energy for different devices and add-ons inside a automobile. It permits users to power electronic electronics or operate small electronics when on the journey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a standard for connecting peripheral devices to PCs, enabling data transmission and power supply. It accommodates a wide range of devices such as keypads, mice, external storage devices, and cell phones, with multiple versions delivering increased speeds and improved performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency refers to the portion of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell transforms into generated energy. Boosting this efficiency plays a key role in optimizing energy generation and making solar power more cost-effective and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. Department of Energy national laboratory dedicated to research and development in green energy and energy efficiency technologies. It is committed to advancing innovations in solar, wind power, bioenergy, and additional renewable sources to support a sustainable energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The EM spectrum encompasses the entire range of EM radiation, spanning from wireless signals to gamma radiation, each with varied lengths and power. This range is essential for numerous technological applications and the natural world, allowing data exchange, healthcare imaging, and insight into the outer space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | Ultraviolet light is a type of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength shorter than the visible spectrum but longer than X-rays, primarily generated by the solar radiation. It serves a key role in such as vitamin D synthesis but can also cause skin injury and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a form of electromagnetic wave with longer wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Single-hued refers to a color palette based on variations of a single hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create balance and unity. This layout approach emphasizes simplicity and grace by maintaining steady color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Irradiance refers to the power of electromagnetic radiation per unit area incident on a surface, typically measured in watts/m². It is a key parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, demonstrating the intensity of sunlight hitting a particular zone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a unit of measurement used to calculate the strength of power or power received or emitted over a specific surface, commonly in disciplines including meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It helps in grasping the distribution and transfer of energy across regions, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the range of diverse tones or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, visible or otherwise. It is commonly used to depict the distribution of light or signal bandwidths in different scientific and technological fields. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a large volume of atmosphere with relatively consistent temp and humidity characteristics, deriving from from particular origin regions. These airmass affect weather patterns and air situations as they pass through various zones. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Sun's energy output is the quantification of the energy per unit area received from the Sun in the type of electromagnetic radiation. It varies with solar cycles and atmospheric factors on Earth, influencing global climate and weather patterns. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in solar power refers to the collection of dirt, and impurities on the panels of photovoltaic modules, which diminishes their performance. Regular cleaning and servicing are necessary to reduce energy waste and guarantee optimal operation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage available from a power source when there is no current, spanning its terminals. It indicates the potential difference of a device when it is disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current is the peak electrical current that travels through a circuit when a low-resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, bypassing the normal load. It presents a considerable safety hazard and can lead to damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a measure of the highest power generation of a solar module under ideal sunlight conditions. It reflects the array's peak potential to create electricity in conventional testing setups . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A Volt meter is an electrical instrument used to measure the electrical potential between two points in a electronic circuit. It is frequently utilized in numerous electrical and electronic setups to maintain proper voltage levels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a phenomenon in solar modules where high voltage stress causes a significant reduction in energy production and efficiency. It occurs due to current leakage and ion movement within the solar cell components, leading to performance decline over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is considered a semi-metal element necessary for plant development and used in various industrial applications, including glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It has special chemical properties that render it useful in producing long-lasting, heatproof materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A solar panel mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring perfect tilt and orientation for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand weather conditions while providing a robust and resilient foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A sun-powered power plant captures sunlight using extensive arrays of photovoltaic modules to generate renewable electricity. It supplies an green energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the integrated practice of employing land for both solar power production and farming, maximizing space and resources. This method boosts crop production while concurrently producing renewable energy, encouraging sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are solar panels designed to harvest sunlight using both surfaces, enhancing overall energy production. They are usually installed in a way that allows for increased efficiency by utilizing albedo mirroring and bounced sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A sun-powered canopy is a framework that provides cover while producing electricity through built-in solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to combine environmental benefits with practical design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel setup is a group of several photovoltaic modules arranged to create electricity from sunlight. It is frequently used in sustainable power systems to generate renewable, renewable power for multiple applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A outdoor cover is a construction that delivers shade and shelter from the conditions for outdoor living spaces. It improves the usability and aesthetic appeal of a terrace, making it a comfortable space for leisure and gatherings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the upright line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is applied in astronomy and meteorology to represent the position of celestial entities in the heavens relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise a reference direction, typically true north, to the line connecting an observer to a destination. It is frequently used in wayfinding, land measurement, and astronomy to indicate the bearing of an celestial body with respect to the observer's position. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as height falls and electricity shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to severe weather and potential muscle strains pose significant Occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a electronic substance widely used in thin-film solar panels due to its superior efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It exhibits outstanding optical characteristics, making it a preferred option for photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An catalog of photovoltaics companies showcases the top manufacturers and suppliers focused on solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions worldwide. These companies play a crucial role in advancing solar energy implementation and innovation across different markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a unit of electricity equal to one billion watts, used to assess big electricity output and utilization. It is typically associated with electricity stations, electricity networks, and significant energy projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar Inc is a international leader in solar PV energy solutions, focused on making thin film-based solar modules that provide high efficiency and low-cost power generation. The company is dedicated to green renewable energy advancement and decreasing the global dependence on fossil fuels through cutting-edge solar solar innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology specializes in smoothly connecting various parts of manufacturing and automated systems to improve performance and dependability. It focuses on building advanced solutions that facilitate efficient communication and interoperability among various technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is an top China's company specializing in producing and developing solar photovoltaic goods and services. It is known for cutting-edge technology and sustainable energy initiatives within the renewable energy industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a unit of energy equal to one billion watts, often used to represent the potential of massive electricity production or usage. It emphasizes the immense power scale involved in modern power framework and tech. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Knowledge curve effects refer to the phenomenon where the cost per unit of production decreases as cumulative output increases, due to gaining knowledge and optimization achieved over time. This concept highlights the value of accumulated experience in reducing costs and improving productivity in production and other procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaics turn sunlight straight into electricity using semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. This system is a clean, sustainable energy source that helps cut down reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the cost of producing solar or wind energy is the same as or less than the cost of purchasing power from the electric grid. Achieving Grid parity indicates that green energy technologies are cost-effectively viable with traditional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity is the standard electrical power supplied to residences and companies through a system of power lines, offering a reliable source of energy for various appliances. It usually operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, based on the region, and is delivered through alternating current. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) refers to all elements of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, comprising inverters, racking, wiring, and supplementary electrical hardware. It is crucial for securing the effective and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | Sunlight is harnessed from the solar radiation using solar cells to generate electricity or through solar heating systems to produce heat. It represents a green, sustainable, and environmentally friendly energy source that decreases dependence on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in home, corporate, and factory sites to create clean, eco-friendly electricity from sunlight. They also power remote and off-grid locations, providing renewable energy solutions where traditional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of solar energy items features a selection of tools that harness sunlight to produce energy, supporting eco-friendly and renewable living. These products include covering solar chargers and lights to appliances and outdoor gear, delivering multi-purpose options for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | A solar energy facility is a installation that converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar modules. It is a renewable energy source that aids in decreasing reliance on non-renewable energy and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems combine solar panels with alternative energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They enhance energy use by managing renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and cutting overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | CPV use lenses or mirrors to focus solar radiation on high-performance solar cells, significantly boosting energy capture from a compact footprint. This technology is highly suitable in areas with intense, direct sunlight and offers a promising approach to cut the cost of. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |